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How about we head to the lab Norbert, do a DNA transplant and create a new life form?

Okay, Dr. Frankenstein — what are you talking about?

It’s a bit complicated but fascinating! Scientists at the J. Craig Venter Institute took a very small bacterium called Mycobacterium mycoides and moved all its genes into a yeast cell.

Why a yeast cell? Because scientists understand its inner workings so well that it can be used like an auto repair shop.

That’s true, we do know the yeast cell inside and out and in this study scientists figured out that they could move a bacterium’s genes into a yeast cell and manipulate them.

The genes could be repaired, removed or even swapped out! Imagine saying… Hey Dave, hand me a gene that’ll make the kind of protein I want.

That’s what these researchers did.

Once they finished altering the DNA of mycobacterium mycoides they then transplanted the genes into another bacterium. They gave the genes time to become active – sort of like "booting up" new software in a computer and voila — a totally new life form is born!

The implications for this work are enormous. First the concept of using yeast cells as a retooling factory is a real advancement.

The result is that scientists can now create microbes for specific tasks and put them to work for us! For example, the Venter group is modifying a microbe called cyanobacteria to optimize the production of the next generation of biofuels.

Making biodiesel for example will become more efficient and cost effective.

Being able to custom make a bacterium to do your bidding has great potential. We’re talking about creating powerful new drugs; inexpensive ways of making specialty chemicals; and producing new vaccines.

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